Dr. Lokesh B H and Ors. vs. State of Karnataka (2025)

The Karnataka High Court held that Section 498A IPC covers live-in relationships and void marriages, preventing the accused from escaping cruelty charges on technical grounds.
Karnataka High Court

Legal provisions involved: Section 498A IPC 

Judgment by: The Karnataka High Court

Judge: Justice Suraj Govindaraj

Facts

A woman lived with the accused as his wife. Her family gave gold, silver, and cash, but later he allegedly demanded more dowry and harassed her physically and mentally. She also said he tried to burn her. During the investigation, it was found that the accused already had a wife from an earlier marriage, which was still valid. So he claimed the marriage with the complainant was invalid.

Key legal provisions

Section 498A IPC

Issues raised

  • Whether the accused can avoid Section 498A IPC by saying the marriage is not legally valid?
  • Whether Section 498A applies to live-in relationships or marriages that are void if cruelty is alleged?

Arguments of the case

The accused asked the court to drop the case saying the complainant is not his legal wife and there were two cases for the same offence. The complainant argued that she believed the marriage was real, lived with him like his wife, and suffered cruelty and dowry harassment.

Judgement 

The Karnataka High Court refused to cancel the case. The court said Section 498A protects women from cruelty and should not fail just because a marriage is void or the couple is in a live-in relationship. A man cannot escape punishment by hiding his earlier marriage and later claiming the second marriage is illegal. The court also ordered that both related cases be tried together in Bengaluru. The trial will continue as per law

Read the full judgement HERE.