S. Rajendran v. The Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax (Benami Prohibition) & Ors. (2026)

Supreme Court holds that orders under the Benami Act cannot be challenged before NCLT/NCLAT under IBC; Insolvency Proceedings cannot override sovereign penal actions
Supreme Court of India

Legal Provisions Involved: Sections 24, 26, 27, 45, 46 and 67 of the Prohibition of Benami Property Transactions Act, 1988; Sections 14, 32A and 36 of the  Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 

Judgement by: Supreme Court of India

Judge/Bench: Justice Pamidighantam Sri Narasimha and Justice Atul S. Chandurkar 

Facts

The promoters of M/s Padmaadevi Sugars Ltd. transferred 100% shareholding to V.K. Sasikala. Authorities under the Benami Act issued provisional attachment orders against the corporate debtor’s properties. Meanwhile, the corporate debtor was admitted into CIRP and subsequently ordered into liquidation.

Key Legal Provisions

Sections 24, 26, 27, 45, 46 and 67 of the Prohibition of Benami Property Transactions Act, 1988; Sections 14, 32A, 36 of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 

Issues raised

  1. Whether orders passed under the Benami Act can be challenged before NCLT/NCLAT under IBC?
  2. Whether the moratorium under Section 14 of IBC applies to proceedings under the Benami Act?

Arguments of the case

The Appellant argued that IBC being a later and comprehensive legislation must prevail over the Benami Act and the moratorium under Section 14(1)(a) prohibits proceedings that deplete assets, including Benami attachments. The Respondent on the other hand argued that the Benami Act is a self-contained code with exclusive jurisdiction vested in its own authorities.

Judgement

The Court held that orders under the Benami Act cannot be challenged before authorities under IBC, as the Benami Act constitutes a complete code with its own adjudicatory hierarchy. 

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